Eukaryotic vs prokaryotic cells

Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

Now let us study the difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cell	Eukaryotic cell
Size is 0.1- 5.0 um	Size is 5-100 um
Nucleus is absent	Nucleus is present
Membrane-bound nucleus absent.	Membrane-bound Nucleus is present.
One chromosome is present, but not true chromosome plastids	More than one number of chromosomes is present.
Unicellular	Multicellular
Lysosomes and Peroxisomes absent	Lysosomes and Peroxisomes present
Microtubules absent	Microtubules present
Endoplasmic reticulum absent	Endoplasmic reticulum present
Mitochondria absent	Mitochondria present
Cytoskeleton absent	Cytoskeleton present
Ribosomes smaller	Ribosomes larger
Vesicles present	Vesicles present
Golgi apparatus absent	Golgi apparatus present
Chloroplasts absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm	Chloroplasts present in plants
Submicroscopic in size Flagella is present and made up of only one fibre	Microscopic in size, membrane-bound
Cell wall chemically complexed	The cell wall is present in plants and fungi and chemically simpler
Vacuoles absent	Vacuoles present
The permeability of the nuclear membrane is not present	The permeability of Nuclear membrane is selective
Sexual reproduction is absent	Sexual reproduction is present
Endocytosis and exocytosis are absent.	Endocytosis and exocytosis occurred
It may have pili and fimbriae.	Pili and fimbriae are absent
Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm	Transcription occurs inside the nucleus.
Examples: Bacteria and Archaea	Examples: Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals

Therefore, we can say that on the basis of genetic materials enclosed by a nuclear envelope, cells are divided into prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes don’t have membrane-bound organelles whereas eukaryotes have.

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